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Date & Time

20:00 to 21:00 UTC Thursday 4th November 2021

Location

Zoom meeting link (password: 764978)

Goals

  • Review draft syntax updates for ECL v1.7 
  • Suggest examples to include for ECL v1.7
Agenda and Meeting Notes

Description

Owner

Notes

Welcome and agenda

Welcome to new attendees

ECL v1.7 - Access to historical refsetsAll

Proposal

To leverage the existing memberOf (^) function, which currently only brings back the 'referencedComponentId', rather than the whole 'member' (i.e. row) as you might expect a 'memberOf' function to do. If we defined an expanded form of the current 'memberOf' function, which explicitly shows that by default we're selecting attributeOrder = 0 from the member, then the following 2 ECL would be equivalent.

  1. ^ 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset|
  2. ^ [referencedComponentId] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset|

This would allow us to select other columns  of the refset using the same memberOf function - e.g.

  • ^ [mapTarget] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset|

And we could then introduce a 'Member filter' with a similar attribute reference - e.g.

  • ^ [referencedComponentId] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset| {{ M mapTarget = "L56.2" }} 

Additional Examples

  • Find all the inactive concepts associated by any historical association to a subtype of 195967001 | Asthma (disorder) |
    • ^ < 900000000000522004 | Historical association refset| {{ M targetComponentId =  < 195967001 |Asthma| }}
  • Find all the SNOMED CT concepts that map to ICD-10 code "L56.2"
    • ^ 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset| {{ M mapTarget = "L56.2" }}
    • ^ [referencedComponentId] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset| {{ M mapTarget = "L56.2" }}
  • Find the SNOMED CT concept that maps to ICD-10 code "L56.2" with a mapRule = 1 and mapGroup = 1
    • ^ [referencedComponentId] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset| {{ M mapGroup = #1, mapPriority = #1, mapTarget = "L56.2" }}
  • Find the reason that concept 67415000 |Hay asthma| was inactivated (answer: 900000000000482003 |Duplicate component|)
    • ^ [valueId] 900000000000489007 |Concept inactivation indicator attribute value refset| {{ M referencedComponentId = 67415000 |Hay asthma| }}
  • Find the active concept that is the 'same as' inactivated concept 67415000 |Hay asthma|
    • ^ [targetComponentId] 900000000000527005 |SAME AS association refset| {{ M referencedComponentId = 67415000 |Hay asthma| }}

Questions

  1. Should we allow the column headers (ie fields) from the file name and/or the refset attribute concept to be used and/or the attributeOrder?
    ANSWER: OPTION 2 only 
    • OPTION 2: ^ < 900000000000522004 | Historical association refset| {{ M targetComponentId =  < 195967001 |Asthma| }}
    • ^ [referencedComponentId] < 900000000000522004 | Historical association refset| {{ M targetComponentId =  < 195967001 |Asthma| }
  2. Should we allow a 'or self' operator, to make it more efficient to create historical subsets - e.g. the following expression constraint would return all the inactive concepts that were replaced by an equivalent subtype of |Asthma| PLUS all the subtypes of |Asthma| as well. This would be useful for finding all the matches that you may need to look for in a health record.
    • FULL: < 195967001 |Asthma| OR ^ 900000000000527005 |SAME AS association refset|  {{ M targetComponentId = < 195967001 |Asthma| }}
    • SYNTACTIC SUGAR OPTIONS
      1. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY-STRICT }} – or HISTORY-SAME 
        1. NEW editorial rules - SAME_AS
        2. Example use cases requiring very high confidence – e.g. Clinical decision support
      2. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY-DEFAULT }} – or HISTORY-BASIC, HISTORY-GENERAL, HISTORY-BROAD
        /* Adds inactive referencedComponents with matching targetComponentId for ALL historical association refsets */
        1. NEW editorial rules - HISTORY-SAME + REPLACED_BY (and WAS_A), PARTIALLY_EQUIVALENT_TO (only for conjunction - includes the parts) – e.g. Clinical research, Clinical audit
      3. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY-ANY }}  – or HISTORY-ALL, HISTORY-FULL
        1. NEW editorial rules - HISTORY-DEFAULT + ALTERNATIVE, POSSIBLY_EQUIVALENT_TO (includes disjunction with ambiguity), POSSIBLY_REPLACED_BY
        2. e.g. to identify patients for review of notes
        3. e.g. potential clinical trial candidates (to be manually reviewed before selection)
    • EXAMPLES (based on use cases defined by MAGExample list
    •  QUESTIONS for EAG subgroup
      • How are the changes to the historical association rules being managed?
      • Will existing historical associations be updated to match the new editorial policy?
        • This is under discussion
      • How will transitive dependencies be managed moving forward?
        • GOOD NEWS! Inactive concepts will always point towards an active target (except for a few exceptions in the distant past)
    • OTHER
      1. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY  (< 900000000000522004 | Historical association refset|) }}
      2. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY (90000000527005 |SAME AS association reference set| 900000000000523009 |POSSIBLY EQUIVALENT TO association reference set|) }} /* uses only the identified historical association refsets */
      3. << 195967001|asthma| {{ +HISTORY (SAME_AS POSSIBLY_EQUIVALENT_TO)
  3. Should we allow more than one column in a refset to be selected? What should the rules be about using this inside a subExpressionConstraint? e.g.
    • ^ [*] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset|
    • ^ [referencedComponentId, mapTarget] 447562003 |ICD-10 complex map refset|
  4. Should we allow filters to be nested inside other filters? e.g.
    • ^ 434532547 {{ M valueId = (* {{ D term = "chronic" }}) }}

    • ^ [annotation] 4345325007 {{ M referencedComponent = (<< 4756478567 {{ C moduleId = 546576478 }}) }}

Reference set descriptor templates (for easy reference)

See discussion below "Querying Refset Attributes"

 onlyThe items below are currently on hold
Postcoordination Topics
  • Discuss feedback on transformation implementation
    • Resources
    • Recap of SNOMED on FHIR discussions
      • What is the functionality scope of a terminology server that supports postcoordination? For example, does it include:
        • Classifying multiple expressions in a single substrate? What are the use cases for this?
        • Assigning (local) identifiers to expressions? What are the use cases for this?
        • Autogenerating or assigning a term to an expression? What are the use cases for this?
      • Does a terminology server that supports postcoordination, include all the functions of an expression repository?
      • What is the relationship between a terminology server that supports postcoordination, and an expression repository?
    • Outstanding questions
      • What are the pros and cons of extending SCG to allow an expression as the focus of a postcoordinated expression?
        • Note: This was raised in context of a NNF generated over a postcoordinated substrate, where the proximal parent is an expression
      • Example of using expressions in focus concept
        • 125605004 |Fracture of bone|:363698007 |finding site| = 84167007 |Foot bone| )
          272741003 |Laterality| = 7771000 |Left|
        • 125605004 |Fracture of bone|:363698007 |finding site| = 84167007 |Foot bone| , 
          272741003 |Laterality| = 7771000 |Left|
      • What is the expected NNF when classifying an expression that is equivalent to a precoordinated concept? For example:
        • Expression that is equivalent to 111273006 |Acute respiratory disease|
        • 64572001 | Disease (disorder) | :
          {263502005 |Clinical course (attribute)| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration (qualifier value)|}
          {363698007 |Finding site (attribute)| = 89187006 |Airway structure (body structure)|}
        • Options:
          1. 111273006 |Acute respiratory disease| :
            {263502005 |Clinical course| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|}
            {363698007 |Finding site| = 89187006 |Airway structure|}
          2. 50043002 |Disorder of respiratory system (disorder)| +
            2704003 |Acute disease (disorder)| :
            {263502005 |Clinical course| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|}
            {363698007 |Finding site| = 89187006 |Airway structure|}
          3. Other?
    • Recap of internal discussions with Content Team
      • Inter-attribute dependencies
      • Grouping rules
Dynamic Templates
  • Continue discussion on dynamic templates
    • Inter-attribute dependencies
      • Acute/Chronic and Inflammation - Adding a clinical course requires specializing the inflammation morphology (question)
        • E.g. |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Chronic|
          should be
          |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Chronic|, |Associated morphology| = |Chronic inflammation|
        • E.g. |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|
          should be
          |Pyelonephritis| : {|Clinical course| = |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration||, |Associated morphology| = |Acute inflammation|
      • Infectious Causative Agents - Adding a |causative agent| = |Domain Bacteria| or |Virus| requires adding a |Pathological process| = |Infectious process|
        • E.g. |Nephritis|: |Causative agent| = |Domain bacteria|
          should be
          |Nephritis|: |Causative agent| = |Domain bacteria|, |Pathological process| = |Infectious process|
      • Congenital and Acquired - Adding an |Occurrence| of |Congenital| to a focus concept with an abnormal morphology, requires adding a |Pathological process| of |Pathological development process|
        • E.g. |Koilonychia|: |Occurrence| = |Congenital|
          should be
          |Koilonychia|: |Occurrence| = |Congenital|, |Pathological process| = |Pathological developmental process|
      • Situations with Explicit Context 
      1. if the procedure context = |Planned|, then the temporal context should be << |Current of specified time|
        1. If the procedure context = |In progress|, then the temporal context should be << |Current|
        2. If the procedure context = |Performed| or |Done|, then the temporal context should be << |Current or past (actual)|
      • Note: for this use case (of |Procedure with explicit context|) perhaps we just recommend (or require) that the full role group is spelled out.
      • Next steps
        • Representation of the content rules
          • Who creates the complete list of rules and how?
            • What formalism?
            • Determine which are mandatory and which are optional
          • Implementation of content rules - e.g.
            • Guided data entry by pre-populating role groups in expression template based on definition of focus concepts (for design-time use, such as mapping)
            • Mandatory content rules could be added to transform process
Postcoordination Use Case ExamplesAll

Example 1 - Dentistry / Odontogram

  • Requires an expression template to create expressions.
  • Resulting expression still requires a transformation to make it classifiable

Example 2 - Terminology binding

  • Uses a fixed expression template to combine codes entered into separate fields
  • The procedure+laterality example still requires a transformation to make it classifiable

Example 3 - Mapping

  • Design-time activity
  • Map targets may not be able to be fully represented using concept model attributes
  • In many cases, an extension (with primitive concepts) should be recommended where there are gaps in the mapping
  • There may be some cases in which postcoordination is helpful (e.g. LOINC to SNOMED CT map)

Example 4 - Natural Language Processing

  • Usually run-time activity.
  • May require manual confirmation of coding suggestions (unless low clinical risk, eg for suggesting relevant patient records for manual review)
Postcoordination Guidance

Practical Guide to Postcoordination

  • Proposal - Use syntax (i.e. braces) to distinguish refinement vs new role group
  • Proposal: Expression forms needed for this (see 3.4 Transforming Expressions)
    • Close to user form - e.g. 83152002 |Oophorectomy|  405815000 |Procedure device|  =  122456005 |Laser device|
    • Canonical close to user form - e.g. 83152002:405815000=122456005
    • Classifiable form (SCG) - e.g. 83152002:{260686004=129304002,405813007=15497006,405815000=122456005}
      • PLUS Classifiable form (OWL) - e.g.  
        • EquivalentClasses(:123063
             ObjectIntersectionOf (:71388002
                 ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:609096000 ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:260686004 :129304002)
                 ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:405813007 :15497006))))
    • Necessary normal form - e.g. 83152002+416376001:{260686004=129304002,405813007=15497006,405815000=122456005}
      • PLUS Necessary normal form (tables)
        • Relationships:
          • (123063 116680003 83152002) - 0
          • (123063 260686004 129304002) - 0 
          • (123063 405813007 15497006) - 1
          • (123063 405815000 122456005) - 1
    • Primitive expressions - "<<<" (only useful in a mapping context) → .... relies on the assigned identifier (which are necessarily semantically unique).
The items below are currently on hold
Other Options for Future Progress
  1. URIs for draft editions
  2. ECL extensions
    1. Primitive/Defined filters → concept filter
    2. Concept+Description filters (e.g. effectiveTime, module, active)
    3. Accessing Refset attributes → (e.g. historical association refsets) → historical ECL
    4. OR use full syntax to be able to query any table (e.g. Relationship table) - ie expand ECL into something more verbose (e.g. SNOMED query language)
  3. Template extensions
URIs for Extended Editions

ON HOLD - How to refer to an 'extended edition' using a URI - e.g. "International Edition plus the following 2 nursing modules: 733983009  |IHTSDO Nursing Health Issues module|and 733984003 |IHTSDO Nursing Activities module|

Use Case - Need to execute an ECL, that refers to "^ 733991000 | Nursing Health Issues Reference Set (foundation metadata concept) |" and/or "^ 733990004 | Nursing Activities Reference Set (foundation metadata concept) |", where the substrate includes the international edition, plus the modules that include these reference sets

July 2020 International Edition URI: http://snomed.info/sct/900000000000207008/version/20200731

July 2020 International Edition + nursing modules URI ?? - For example:

Querying Refset AttributesLinda Bird

ON HOLD - Proposed syntax to support querying and return of alternative refset attributes (To be included in the SNOMED Query Language)

  • Example use cases
    • Execution of maps from international substance concepts to AMT substance concepts
    • Find the anatomical parts of a given anatomy structure concept (in |Anatomy structure and part association reference set)
    • Find potential replacement concepts for an inactive concept in record
    • Find the order of a given concept in an Ordered component reference set
    • Find a concept with a given order in an Ordered component reference set
  • Potential syntax to consider (brainstorming ideas)
    • SELECT ??
      • SELECT 123 |referenced component|, 456 |target component|
        FROM 799 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
        WHERE 123 |referenced component| = (< 888 |Upper abdomen structure| {{ term = "*heart*" }} )
      • SELECT id, moduleId
        FROM concept
        WHERE id IN (< |Clinical finding|)
        AND definitionStatus = |primitive|
      • SELECT id, moduleId
        FROM concept, ECL("< |Clinical finding") CF
        WHERE concept.id = CF.sctid
        AND definitionStatus = |primitive|
      • SELECT ??? |id|, ??? |moduleId|
        FROM concept ( < |Clinical finding| {{ term = "*heart*" }} {{ definitionStatus = |primitive| }} )
      • Question - Can we assume some table joins - e.g. Concept.id = Description.conceptId etc ??
      • Examples
        • Try to recast relationships table as a Refset table → + graph-based extension
        • Find primitive concepts in a hierarchy
    • ROW ... ?
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) ? (|referenced component| , |target component|)
        • same as: ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) . |referenced component|
        • same as: ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) {{ |referenced component| = << |Upper abdomen structure|}} ? |targetComponentId|
      • ROWOF (< 900000000000496009|Simple map type reference set| {{ term = "*My hospital*"}}) {{ 449608002|Referenced component| = 80581009 |Upper abdomen structure|}} ? 900000000000505001 |Map target|
        • (ROW (< 900000000000496009|Simple map type reference set| {{ term = "*My hospital*"}}) : 449608002|Referenced component| = 80581009 |Upper abdomen structure| ).900000000000505001 |Map target|
    • # ... ?
      • # |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |referenced component\
      • # (|Anatomy struture and part association refset| {{|referenced component| = << |Upper abdomen structure|) ? |targetComponentid|
    • ? notation + Filter refinement
      • |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |targetComponentId|
      • |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |referencedComponent| (Same as ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|)
        (|Anatomy structure and part association refset| {{ |referencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure}} )? |targetComponentId|
      • ( |Anatomy structure and part association refset| {{ |targetComponentId| = << |Upper abdomen structure}} ) ? |referencedComponent|
      • ( |My ordered component refset|: |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure ) ? |priority order|
      • ? |My ordered component refset| {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • ? |My ordered component refset| . |referenced component|
        • equivalent to ^ |My ordered component refset|
      • ? (<|My ordered component refset|) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • ? (<|My ordered component refset| {{ term = "*map"}} ) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • REFSETROWS (<|My ordered component refset| {{ term = "*map"}} ) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} SELECT |priority order|
    • Specify value to be returned
      • ? 449608002 |Referenced component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ^ 734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| (Same as previous)
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| :
        449608002 |ReferencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure|
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
        {{ 449608002 |referencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure| }}
      • (? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| :
        449608002 |ReferencedComponent| = (<< |Upper abdomen structure|) : |Finding site| = *)
Returning AttributesMichael Lawley

ON HOLD - Proposal (by Michael) for discussion

  • Currently ECL expressions can match (return) concepts that are either the source or the target of a relationship triple (target is accessed via the 'reverse' notation or 'dot notation', but not the relationship type (ie attribute name) itself. 

For example, I can write: 

<< 404684003|Clinical finding| : 363698007|Finding site| = <<66019005|Limb structure| 

<< 404684003|Clinical finding| . 363698007|Finding site| 

But I can't get all the attribute names that are used by << 404684003|Clinical finding| 

    • Perhaps something like:
      • ? R.type ? (<< 404684003 |Clinical finding|)
    • This could be extended to, for example, return different values - e.g.
      • ? |Simple map refset|.|maptarget| ? (^|Simple map refset| AND < |Fracture|)
Reverse Member OfMichael Lawley

ON HOLD - Proposal for discussion

What refsets is a given concept (e.g. 421235005 |Structure of femur|) a member of?

  • Possible new notation for this:
    • ^ . 421235005 |Structure of femur|
    • ? X ? 421235005 |Structure of femur| = ^ X

Expression Templates

  • ON HOLD WAITING FROM IMPLEMENTATION FEEDBACK FROM INTERNAL TECH TEAM
  • WIP version - https://confluence.ihtsdotools.org/display/WIPSTS/Template+Syntax+Specification
      • Added a 'default' constraint to each replacement slot - e.g. default (72673000 |Bone structure (body structure)|)
      • Enabling 'slot references' to be used within the value constraint of a replacement slot - e.g. [[ +id (<< 123037004 |Body structure| MINUS << $findingSite2) @findingSite1]]
      • Allowing repeating role groups to be referenced using an array - e.g. $rolegroup[1] or $rolegroup[!=SELF]
      • Allow reference to 'SELF' in role group arrays
      • Adding 'sameValue' and 'allOrNone' constraints to information slots - e.g. sameValue ($site), allOrNone ($occurrence)
      • See changes in red here: 5.1. Normative Specification

Examples:

[[+id]]: [[1..*] @my_group sameValue(morphology)] { |Finding site| = [[ +id (<<123037004 |Body structure (body structure)| MINUS << $site[! SELF ] ) @site ]] , |Associated morphology| = [[ +id @my_morphology ]] }

  • Implementation feedback on draft updates to Expression Template Language syntax
    • Use cases from the Quality Improvement Project:
      • Multiple instances of the same role group, with some attributes the same and others different. Eg same morphology, potentially different finding sites.

Note that QI Project is coming from a radically different use case. Instead of filling template slots, we're looking at existing content and asking "exactly how does this concept fail to comply to this template?"

For discussion:

 [[0..1]] { [[0..1]]   246075003 |Causative agent|  = [[+id (<   410607006 |Organism| ) @Organism]] }

Is it correct to say either one of the cardinality blocks is redundant? What are the implications of 1..1 on either side? This is less obvious for the self grouped case.

Road Forward for SI

  1. Generate the parser from the ABNF and implement in the Template Service
  2. User Interface to a) allow users to specify template at runtime b) tabular (auto-completion) lookup → STL
  3. Template Service to allow multiple templates to be specified for alignment check (aligns to none-off)
  4. Output must clearly indicate exactly what feature of concept caused misalignment, and what condition was not met.

Additional note: QI project is no longer working in subhierarchies. Every 'set' of concepts is selected via ECL. In fact most reports should now move to this way of working since a subhierarchy is the trivial case. For a given template, we additionally specify the "domain" to which it should be applied via ECL. This is much more specific than using the focus concept which is usually the PPP eg Disease.

FYI Michael Chu

Description TemplatesKai Kewley
  • ON HOLD
  • Previous discussion (in Malaysia)
      • Overview of current use
      • Review of General rules for generating descriptions
        • Removing tags, words
        • Conditional removal of words
        • Automatic case significance
        • Generating PTs from target PTs
        • Reordering terms
      • Mechanism for sharing general rules - inheritance? include?
      • Description Templates for translation
      • Status of planned specification
Query Language
- Summary from previous meetings




FUTURE WORK

Examples: version and dialect

Notes

    • Allow nested where, version, language
    • Scope of variables is inner query

No files shared here yet.


Agenda and Meeting Notes

Description

Owner

Notes

Welcome and agenda


Postcoordination Transformations
  • Discuss feedback on transformation implementation
    • Recap from last meeting
      • Agreed to always use "===" at the start of the classifiable form (to indicate that it is ready for classification.
      • Try the expression transformation service to see the current transformation result and retrieve the classifiable form and the necessary normal form
      • Contribute your expression examples and write your feedback for consideration and discussion
      • Discussed the NNF output for expressions that are equivalent to a precoordinated concept - Did we reach a decision?
    • Questions for discussion
      • What is the expected NNF when classifying an expression that is equivalent to a precoordinated concept? For example:
        • Expression that is equivalent to 111273006 |Acute respiratory disease|
        • 64572001 | Disease (disorder) | :
          {
          263502005 |Clinical course (attribute)| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration (qualifier value)|
          }{
          363698007 |Finding site (attribute)| = 89187006 |Airway structure (body structure)|
          }
        • Options:
          1. 111273006 |Acute respiratory disease| :
            {
            263502005 |Clinical course| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|
            }{
            363698007 |Finding site| = 89187006 |Airway structure|
            }
          2. 50043002 |Disorder of respiratory system (disorder)| +
            2704003 |Acute disease (disorder)| :
            {
            263502005 |Clinical course| = 424124008 |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|
            }{
            363698007 |Finding site| = 89187006 |Airway structure|
            }
          3. Other?
      • What is the functionality scope of a terminology server that supports postcoordination?
        • What are the use cases for classifying multiple expressions into a single substrate?
        • What are the use cases for assigning (local) identifiers to expressions?
        • Are these functionalities supported by the terminology server and/or an expression repository?
        • What is the relationship between the terminology server and the expression repository?
        • What are the use cases in which a term needs to be autogenerated for an expression?
Dynamic Templates
  • Continue discussion on dynamic templates
    • Inter-attribute dependencies
      • Acute/Chronic and Inflammation - Adding a clinical course requires specializing the inflammation morphology (question)
        • E.g. |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Chronic|
          should be
          |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Chronic|, |Associated morphology| = |Chronic inflammation|
        • E.g. |Pyelonephritis| : |Clinical course| = |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration|
          should be
          |Pyelonephritis| : {|Clinical course| = |Sudden onset AND/OR short duration||, |Associated morphology| = |Acute inflammation|
      • Infectious Causative Agents - Adding a |causative agent| = |Domain Bacteria| or |Virus| requires adding a |Pathological process| = |Infectious process|
        • E.g. |Nephritis|: |Causative agent| = |Domain bacteria|
          should be
          |Nephritis|: |Causative agent| = |Domain bacteria|, |Pathological process| = |Infectious process|
      • Congenital and Acquired - Adding an |Occurrence| of |Congenital| to a focus concept with an abnormal morphology, requires adding a |Pathological process| of |Pathological development process|
        • E.g. |Koilonychia|: |Occurrence| = |Congenital|
          should be
          |Koilonychia|: |Occurrence| = |Congenital|, |Pathological process| = |Pathological developmental process|
      • Situations with Explicit Context 
      1. if the procedure context = |Planned|, then the temporal context should be << |Current of specified time|
        1. If the procedure context = |In progress|, then the temporal context should be << |Current|
        2. If the procedure context = |Performed| or |Done|, then the temporal context should be << |Current or past (actual)|
      • Note: for this use case (of |Procedure with explicit context|) perhaps we just recommend (or require) that the full role group is spelled out.
      • Next steps
        • Representation of the content rules
          • Who creates the complete list of rules and how?
            • What formalism?
            • Determine which are mandatory and which are optional
          • Implementation of content rules - e.g.
            • Guided data entry by pre-populating role groups in expression template based on definition of focus concepts (for design-time use, such as mapping)
            • Mandatory content rules could be added to transform process
Postcoordination Use Case ExamplesAll

Example 1 - Dentistry / Odontogram

  • Requires an expression template to create expressions.
  • Resulting expression still requires a transformation to make it classifiable

Example 2 - Terminology binding

  • Uses a fixed expression template to combine codes entered into separate fields
  • The procedure+laterality example still requires a transformation to make it classifiable

Example 3 - Mapping

  • Design-time activity
  • Map targets may not be able to be fully represented using concept model attributes
  • In many cases, an extension (with primitive concepts) should be recommended where there are gaps in the mapping
  • There may be some cases in which postcoordination is helpful (e.g. LOINC to SNOMED CT map)

Example 4 - Natural Language Processing

  • Usually run-time activity.
  • May require manual confirmation of coding suggestions (unless low clinical risk, eg for suggesting relevant patient records for manual review)
Postcoordination Guidance

Practical Guide to Postcoordination

  • Proposal - Use syntax (i.e. braces) to distinguish refinement vs new role group
  • Proposal: Expression forms needed for this (see 3.4 Transforming Expressions)
    • Close to user form - e.g. 83152002 |Oophorectomy|  405815000 |Procedure device|  =  122456005 |Laser device|
    • Canonical close to user form - e.g. 83152002:405815000=122456005
    • Classifiable form (SCG) - e.g. 83152002:{260686004=129304002,405813007=15497006,405815000=122456005}
      • PLUS Classifiable form (OWL) - e.g.  
        • EquivalentClasses(:123063
             ObjectIntersectionOf (:71388002
                 ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:609096000 ObjectIntersectionOf( ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:260686004 :129304002)
                 ObjectSomeValuesFrom(:405813007 :15497006))))
    • Necessary normal form - e.g. 83152002+416376001:{260686004=129304002,405813007=15497006,405815000=122456005}
      • PLUS Necessary normal form (tables)
        • Relationships:
          • (123063 116680003 83152002) - 0
          • (123063 260686004 129304002) - 0 
          • (123063 405813007 15497006) - 1
          • (123063 405815000 122456005) - 1
    • Primitive expressions - "<<<" (only useful in a mapping context) → .... relies on the assigned identifier (which are necessarily semantically unique).
The items below are currently on hold
Other Options for Future Progress
  1. ECL extensions
    1. Primitive/Defined filters → concept filter
    2. Concept+Description filters (e.g. effectiveTime, module, active)
    3. Accessing Refset attributes → (e.g. historical association refsets) → historical ECL
    4. OR use full syntax to be able to query any table (e.g. Relationship table) - ie expand ECL into something more verbose (e.g. SNOMED query language)
  2. Template extensions
URIs for Extended Editions

ON HOLD - How to refer to an 'extended edition' using a URI - e.g. "International Edition plus the following 2 nursing modules: 733983009  |IHTSDO Nursing Health Issues module|and 733984003 |IHTSDO Nursing Activities module|

Use Case - Need to execute an ECL, that refers to "^ 733991000 | Nursing Health Issues Reference Set (foundation metadata concept) |" and/or "^ 733990004 | Nursing Activities Reference Set (foundation metadata concept) |", where the substrate includes the international edition, plus the modules that include these reference sets

July 2020 International Edition URI: http://snomed.info/sct/900000000000207008/version/20200731

July 2020 International Edition + nursing modules URI ?? - For example:

Querying Refset AttributesLinda Bird

ON HOLD - Proposed syntax to support querying and return of alternative refset attributes (To be included in the SNOMED Query Language)

  • Example use cases
    • Execution of maps from international substance concepts to AMT substance concepts
    • Find the anatomical parts of a given anatomy structure concept (in |Anatomy structure and part association reference set)
    • Find potential replacement concepts for an inactive concept in record
    • Find the order of a given concept in an Ordered component reference set
    • Find a concept with a given order in an Ordered component reference set
  • Potential syntax to consider (brainstorming ideas)
    • SELECT ??
      • SELECT 123 |referenced component|, 456 |target component|
        FROM 799 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
        WHERE 123 |referenced component| = (< 888 |Upper abdomen structure| {{ term = "*heart*" }} )
      • SELECT id, moduleId
        FROM concept
        WHERE id IN (< |Clinical finding|)
        AND definitionStatus = |primitive|
      • SELECT id, moduleId
        FROM concept, ECL("< |Clinical finding") CF
        WHERE concept.id = CF.sctid
        AND definitionStatus = |primitive|
      • SELECT ??? |id|, ??? |moduleId|
        FROM concept ( < |Clinical finding| {{ term = "*heart*" }} {{ definitionStatus = |primitive| }} )
      • Question - Can we assume some table joins - e.g. Concept.id = Description.conceptId etc ??
      • Examples
        • Try to recast relationships table as a Refset table → + graph-based extension
        • Find primitive concepts in a hierarchy
    • ROW ... ?
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) ? (|referenced component| , |target component|)
        • same as: ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) . |referenced component|
        • same as: ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ROWOF (|Anatomy structure and part association refset|) {{ |referenced component| = << |Upper abdomen structure|}} ? |targetComponentId|
      • ROWOF (< 900000000000496009|Simple map type reference set| {{ term = "*My hospital*"}}) {{ 449608002|Referenced component| = 80581009 |Upper abdomen structure|}} ? 900000000000505001 |Map target|
        • (ROW (< 900000000000496009|Simple map type reference set| {{ term = "*My hospital*"}}) : 449608002|Referenced component| = 80581009 |Upper abdomen structure| ).900000000000505001 |Map target|
    • # ... ?
      • # |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |referenced component\
      • # (|Anatomy struture and part association refset| {{|referenced component| = << |Upper abdomen structure|) ? |targetComponentid|
    • ? notation + Filter refinement
      • |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |targetComponentId|
      • |Anatomy structure and part association refset| ? |referencedComponent| (Same as ^ |Anatomy structure and part association refset|)
        (|Anatomy structure and part association refset| {{ |referencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure}} )? |targetComponentId|
      • ( |Anatomy structure and part association refset| {{ |targetComponentId| = << |Upper abdomen structure}} ) ? |referencedComponent|
      • ( |My ordered component refset|: |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure ) ? |priority order|
      • ? |My ordered component refset| {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • ? |My ordered component refset| . |referenced component|
        • equivalent to ^ |My ordered component refset|
      • ? (<|My ordered component refset|) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • ? (<|My ordered component refset| {{ term = "*map"}} ) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} . |priority order|
      • REFSETROWS (<|My ordered component refset| {{ term = "*map"}} ) {{ |Referenced component| = |Upper abdomen structure| }} SELECT |priority order|
    • Specify value to be returned
      • ? 449608002 |Referenced component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ^ 734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| (Same as previous)
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| :
        449608002 |ReferencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure|
      • ? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset|
        {{ 449608002 |referencedComponent| = << |Upper abdomen structure| }}
      • (? 900000000000533001 |Association target component|?
        734139008 |Anatomy structure and part association refset| :
        449608002 |ReferencedComponent| = (<< |Upper abdomen structure|) : |Finding site| = *)
Returning AttributesMichael Lawley

ON HOLD - Proposal (by Michael) for discussion

  • Currently ECL expressions can match (return) concepts that are either the source or the target of a relationship triple (target is accessed via the 'reverse' notation or 'dot notation', but not the relationship type (ie attribute name) itself. 

For example, I can write: 

<< 404684003|Clinical finding| : 363698007|Finding site| = <<66019005|Limb structure| 

<< 404684003|Clinical finding| . 363698007|Finding site| 

But I can't get all the attribute names that are used by << 404684003|Clinical finding| 

    • Perhaps something like:
      • ? R.type ? (<< 404684003 |Clinical finding|)
    • This could be extended to, for example, return different values - e.g.
      • ? |Simple map refset|.|maptarget| ? (^|Simple map refset| AND < |Fracture|)
Reverse Member OfMichael Lawley

ON HOLD - Proposal for discussion

What refsets is a given concept (e.g. 421235005 |Structure of femur|) a member of?

  • Possible new notation for this:
    • ^ . 421235005 |Structure of femur|
    • ? X ? 421235005 |Structure of femur| = ^ X

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1 Comment

  1. Linda asked me to dig a little more in the MOVED_TO | MOVED_FROM stuff, and provide examples:

    Over the years to Jan 2021, the International Core has "gifted" a cumulative total of 17,590 codes to a select band of exactly five other loci of editorial control as recipients, with each such transfer being signalled by 2 elements:

    1. make the code inactive within the International Core data
    2. add a new MOVED_TO historical association within the International Core data, pointing to a metadata concept within <<370136006|Namespace concept| whose preferred term will then reference a specific namespace that is owned by intended the new loci of editorial control and in which - at least in the RF1 era for which this particular handover mechanism was invented - it is expected (but not guaranteed) that a new semantically equivalent conceptID will eventually be stood up.

    This MOVED_TO manoevre is ongoing today:

    2002
    14
    2003
    883
    2004
    7
    2005
    77
    2006
    107
    2007
    47
    2008
    366
    2009
    12890
    2010
    46
    2011
    6
    2014
    2423
    2015
    67
    2016
    88
    2017
    16
    2018
    190
    2019
    77
    2020
    181
    2021
    105

    The lucky recipients of this traffic have so far been limited to just these five namespaces:

    12062 codes to 370137002 Extension Namespace 1000000
    415 codes to 370138007 Extension Namespace 1000001
    167 codes to 384597007 Extension Namespace 1000002
    4931 codes to 416516009 Extension Namespace 1000009
    15 codes to 442502009 Extension Namespace 1000124

    ...which we can (rather painfully) decode using the not-very-machine-readable Namespace Identifier Registry at https://cis.ihtsdotools.org/info/index.html?home=namespaces to be actually:

    12062 codes to 370137002 Extension Namespace 1000000 → UK Clinical Extension
    415 codes to 370138007 Extension Namespace 1000001 → UK Drug Extension
    167 codes to 384597007 Extension Namespace 1000002 → SNOMED International (huh?)
    4931 codes to 416516009 Extension Namespace 1000009 → Veterinary Terminology Service Laboratory, USA (Veterinary Extension)
    15 codes to 442502009 Extension Namespace 1000124 → National Library of Medicine (US Drug Extension)

    Note that there has also been some quantity of traffic in the reverse direction.

    For example, the UK Extensions record that they've historically MOVED a total of 764 conceptIds to the International Core:

    200534
    20064
    20074
    2010249
    2011446
    201227

    Regardless of who is giving what to whom, however, from the point of view of any effort to repair data involving inactive codes, the MOVED_TO association is of course utterly useless.

    What you really need are the MOVED_FROM relationships that the MOVED_TOs live in hope of eventually matching up with: each MOVED_FROM relationship will state a 1:1 bidirectional equivalent relationship that holds eternally between the original inactive identifier and an entirely different and new identifier that was created by the recipient NRC in a different namespace, after editorial control of the underlying idea MOVED_TO it.

    As an example of such pairing, in the UK we have the following pair of lines in the union of all der2_cRefset_AssociationSnapshot files in our current release:

    ideffectiveTimeactivemoduleIdrefsetidreferencedComponentIDlinkedComponentId
    5064db37-c7b3-4f5c-a6b0-52963a88d3ee201807311900000000000207008900000000000524003412785001370137002
    4828ec3e-1d0f-58ce-96ea-4d88b77c67fd201810011999000011000000103900000000000525002725291000000102412785001

    or, in more human readable form:

    20180731 (CORE) 412785001 Women's refuge (qualifier value) MOVED_TO 370137002 Extension Namespace 1000000 (namespace concept)

    20181001 (UK CLINICAL) 725291000000102 Women's refuge (qualifier value) MOVED_FROM 412785001 Women's refuge (qualifier value)

    NB how MOVED_FROM is encoded here, with the referencedComponentId being the new active code!

    Other examples from the UK Extension content of the same phenomenon include:

    MOVED_TO
    effectiveTime
    OLD IDOLD FSNMOVED_FROM
    effectiveTime
    NEW IDNEW FSN
    20080131
    294861006
    Acset allergy (disorder)
    20080401
    338451000000103
    Acset allergy (disorder)
    20090131
    213576007
    [X]Traumatic amputation of other parts of foot (disorder)
    20090401
    470771000000109
    [X]Traumatic amputation of other parts of foot (disorder)
    20090131
    274590004
    [EDTA] Diabetes Type II (non-insulin-dependent) associated with renal failure (disorder)
    20090401
    453171000000101
    Diabetes Type II (non-insulin-dependent) associated with renal failure - European Dialysis and Transplant Association (disorder)
    20100731
    183652002
    Mental therapy follow-up (administrative concept)
    20101001
    749201000000109
    Mental health therapy follow-up (record artifact)
    20140731
    270611000
    Patient died in part 4 accommodation (finding)
    20141001
    929161000000107
    Patient died in Part IV accommodation (finding)
    20140731
    185376003
    Referred by NHS Direct (finding)
    20141001
    929141000000106
    Referred by NHS Direct (finding)
    20160731
    303209007
    Unfit to plead Criminal Procedure (Insanity & Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991 (finding)
    20161001
    1052741000000105
    Unfit to plead under Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991 (finding)
    20160731
    414386002
    Health visitor accident and emergency attendance follow up visit (procedure)
    20161001
    1052861000000102
    Accident and emergency attendance follow-up visit by health visitor (procedure)
    20180131
    288831009
    Care Program Approach assessment (procedure)
    20180401
    1092341000000101
    Care Programme Approach assessment (procedure)
    20180731
    311129002
    Technician - Royal Army Medical Corps (occupation)
    20181001
    1100841000000100
    Technician - Royal Army Medical Corps (occupation)
    20180731
    310945005
    Technician - Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (occupation)
    20181001
    1100391000000103
    Technician - Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (occupation)
    20180731
    311090006
    Telecommunications operator - Royal Signals (occupation)
    20181001
    1100761000000108
    Telecommunications operator - Royal Signals (occupation)
    20180731
    311087000
    Telecommunications technician - Royal Signals (occupation)
    20181001
    1100751000000105
    Telecommunications technician - Royal Signals (occupation)
    20180731
    225927009
    Utilities (qualifier value)
    20181001
    1099991000000104
    Utilities (qualifier value)

    We might reasonably suppose that, as other recent and continuing recipients of concepts that have been MOVED_TO them, both the Veterinary and US Extensions may also have MOVED_FROM associations.

    For example, here are some very recent MOVED_TOs where content has been sent to the 1000009 namespace of the Veterinary Extension:

    20180131 428593008|Abortion due to Brucella canis (disorder)|
    20180131 6176008|Mycotic abortion (disorder)|
    20180731 726858007|Entire infraorbital sinus (body structure)|
    20180731 727198003|Entire palatine sinus (body structure)|
    20180731 727411004|Entire subiliac lymph node (body structure)|
    20180731 727146000|Entire supramammary lymph node (body structure)|
    20180731 95642002|Granulomatous meningoencephalitis (disorder)|
    20180731 10079006|Infection caused by Cysticercus cellulosae (disorder)|
    20180731 1858000|Infection caused by Stilezia globipunctata (disorder)|
    20180731 13218000|Infraorbital sinus (body structure)|
    20180731 62248006|Juvenile pyoderma (disorder)|
    20180731 471379007|Necrotizing mycotic dermatitis (disorder)|
    20180731 71214009|Palatine sinus (body structure)|
    20180731 113338001|Subiliac lymph node (body structure)|
    20180731 127165003|Subiliac lymphadenopathy (disorder)|
    20180731 62630005|Supramammary lymph node (body structure)|
    20180731 127108004|Supramammary lymphadenopathy (disorder)|
    20190131 82816005|Application of Kirschner-Ehmer splint (procedure)|
    20190131 26484003|Bordetellosis (disorder)|
    20190131 15477001|Coligranuloma (disorder)|
    20190131 727055004|Entire prefemoral lymph node (body structure)|
    20190131 292715003|Episioplasty (procedure)|
    20190131 35047007|Infection caused by Histomonas (disorder)|
    20190131 3660008|Lethal glossopharyngeal defect (disorder)|
    20190131 48193007|Prefemoral lymph node (body structure)|
    20190131 127201003|Prefemoral lymphadenopathy (disorder)|
    20190131 9480005|Viral papular dermatitis (disorder)|
    20190731 37649008|Acute metritis (disorder)|
    20190731 196111003|Bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia (disorder)|
    20190731 111908007|Branchiomycosis (disorder)|
    20190731 370470002|Diskospondylitis (disorder)|
    20190731 9772004|Hemorrhagic septicemia due to Pasteurella multocida (disorder)|
    20190731 32701000|Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (disorder)|
    20190731 409935006|Juvenile pubic symphysiodesis (procedure)|
    20190731 417293005|Laryngeal tie-forward (procedure)|
    20190731 64230001|Mastitis-metritis-agalactia syndrome (disorder)|
    20190731 15363000|Metritis (disorder)|
    20190731 398048002|Placental lactogen measurement (procedure)|
    20200131 6501005|Atrophic myositis (disorder)|
    20200131 449238002|Canine coronavirus vaccine (substance)|
    20200131 398758009|Chlamydophila psittaci vaccine (substance)|
    20200131 399283001|Everted laryngeal saccules (disorder)|
    20200131 195284000|Hemorrhagic septicemia barbone (disorder)|
    20200131 198462004|Hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Pasteurella multocida (disorder)|
    20200131 398976007|Parvovirus vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 398856000|Bordetella vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 7230005|Brucella vaccine (product)|
    20200731 396421002|Brucella vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 7141001|Brucellosis vaccination (procedure)|
    20200731 64546005|Carpal hygroma (disorder)|
    20200731 424548006|Elbow hygroma (disorder)|
    20200731 730496001|Entire posterior medullary spinothalamic tract (body structure)|
    20200731 370525007|Exudative diathesis (disorder)|
    20200731 8605003|Immunization for bordetella (procedure)|
    20200731 4118000|Multilobular chondroma and osteoma (morphologic abnormality)|
    20200731 41039001|Omphalophlebitis (disorder)|
    20200731 95731004|Pigmentary keratitis (disorder)|
    20200731 449332004|Porphyromonas denticanis + porphyromonas gulae + porphyromonas salivosa vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 361556005|Posterior medullary spinothalamic tract (body structure)|
    20200731 399134006|Primary seborrhea (disorder)|
    20200731 111355005|Pyogranulomatous serositis (disorder)|
    20200731 398776002|Reovirus vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 81970008|Swine influenza virus vaccine (product)|
    20200731 428771000|Swine influenza virus vaccine (substance)|
    20200731 38719000|Toxicoinfectious botulism (disorder)|
    20200731 75211007|Trefoil dermatitis (disorder)|
    20200731 370459009|West Nile virus vaccine (product)|
    20200731 398775003|West Nile virus vaccine (substance)|
    20210131 31437008|Lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis (disorder)|
    20210131 7024001|Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (disorder)|