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A recent review of prosthetic joint infections (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3993098/) indicates that the term "Prosthetic joint infection" is really a misnomer and refers to the colonization of a prosthetic joint by an infectious organism and infection of the periarticular tissue. This was confirmed by a joint conference on periprosthetic joint infections (https://www.efort.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Philadelphia_Consensus.pdf). This spread of the infection to the surrounding tissues must be taken into account in the modeling approach. Additionally, while hte the majority of this type of infection occur within the first two years after implantation, there are a substantial number (up to 30%) that occur much later, thus the direct association of the implantation procedure with the infection is not supported. However, as the colonization of the implant cannot occur with having been implanted, there is a temporal relationship (i.e. AFTER) with the Implantation procedure. Given these considerations, the following changes to the modeling of "Prosthetic joint infection" were tested.
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