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  • The specification of the grammar was defined in Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF)

    Footnote Macro

    ABNF as defined by Internet Standard 68, RFC 5234

    . This provided a formal standards-based reference for the grammar's structure.

  • Unnecessary whitespace designators (i.e. <ws>) were removed from several places in the grammar.
  • A maximum length constraint for SNOMED CT identifiers  (

    Gloss
    tSCTIDs
    GlosTermSNOMED CT Identifier
    ) was added.
    Gloss
    tSCTIDs
    GlosTermSNOMED CT Identifier
     consist of a sequence of digits, which must be between 6 and 18 digits in length.

  • The hex code for carriage return (CR) was incorrectly given as '0C' in the previous version. It was corrected to '0D'.
  • Detailed character encoding information for  UTF-8 was added.
  • The ABNF definition of  term was amended to allow correct parsing by the APG ABNF parser generator.

In 2015, the original IHTSDO standard was revised. The new specification is completely backwardly compatible with the prior standard, in that any expression written using the prior standard will necessarily conform to the new standard. However, two significant enhancements were made:

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The purpose of this document is to define and describe a formal compositional grammar which is used to represent SNOMED CT expressions. SNOMED CT expressions are a structured combination of one or more concept identifiers used to express a clinical idea. SNOMED CT expressions may exist either independently or within the scope of an information model, message instance, EHR system or clinical repository. This document also provides examples and guidance to assist in the implementation of this syntax. 

Scope

his This document presents the specification of a compositional grammar, which can be used to represent SNOMED CT expressions. This document also provides a logical model for the grammar, discusses a set of example expressions and describes some implementation considerations.

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  • Expression Constraint Language: used to define a bounded set of clinical meanings represented by either precoordinated or postcoordinated expressions;
  • Query Language: designed to express computable queries over SNOMED CT content; and
  • Templates: which allow slots to be added to expressions, expression constraints or queries, which can be filled with specific values at a later time.

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The target audiences of this document include:

  • IHTSDO SNOMED National Release Centers;
  • SNOMED CT designers and developers, including designers and developers of EHR systems, information models, data entry interfaces, storage systems, decision support systems, retrieval and analysis systems, communication standards and terminology services;
  • SNOMED CT terminology developers, including concept model designers, content authors, map developers and release process managers.

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Term

Definition

Augmented Backus-Naur Form

A language used to define the formal syntax of another language (as defined by Internet Standard 68, RFC 5234).

Gloss
tCompositional Grammar

The set of rules that govern the way in which SNOMED CT expressions are represented as a plain text string.

Gloss
tConcept Model

A set of rules that determines the permitted sets of relationships between particular types of concepts.

Equivalent To (definition status)

Indicates that the given expression is both necessary and sufficient to fully define the clinical meaning being expressed.

Gloss
tExpression

A structured combination of one or more concept identifiers used to express a clinical idea.

Expression Constraint

A computable rule that can be used to define a set of clinical meanings.

Gloss
tMachine Readable Concept Model

A representation of the rules that comprise the SNOMED CT Concept Model in a form that can be processed by computer software and applied to validate content.

Gloss
tPostcoordinated Expression

Representation of a clinical meaning using a combination of two or more concept identifiers is referred to as a postcoordinated expression.

Gloss
tPrecoordinated Expression

Representation of a clinical meaning using a single concept identifier is referred to as a precoordinated expression.

Subtype Of (definition status)

Indicates that the given expression is necessary but not necessarily sufficient to define the clinical meaning being expressed.

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